Signs and Symptoms of Chronic Loneliness

What is chronic loneliness?

Chronic loneliness happens when someone has feelings of loneliness and is cut off from others for a long period of time. You may feel lonely all the time and have trouble making close connections with others. 

Even the most outgoing person can be chronically lonely. Being the "life of the party" doesn't necessarily guarantee someone isn't lonely. Long-term loneliness can impact all areas of your life.

What are the main signs and symptoms of chronic loneliness?

Chronic loneliness symptoms and signs can vary depending on who you are and your situation. If you consistently feel some or all of the following, you may be dealing with chronic loneliness:

• Inability to connect with others on a deeper, more intimate level. Maybe you have friends and family in your life, but engagement with them is at a very surface level. Your interaction doesn’t feel connected in a way that is fulfilling and this disconnection seems never ending.
• No close or "best" friends. You have friends, but they are casual friends or acquaintances and you feel you can find no one who truly "gets" you.
• Overwhelming feeling of isolation regardless of where you are and who’s around. You can be at a party surrounded by dozens of people and, yet, you feel isolated, separate, and disengaged. At work, you may feel alienated and alone. Same on a bus, train, or walking down a busy street.
• Negative feelings of self-doubt and self-worth. Does it feel like you are never enough? These feelings, long-term, are another possible symptom of chronic loneliness.
• When you try to connect or reach out, it’s not reciprocated. You may also feel as though you’re not seen or heard.
• Exhaustion and burn out when trying to engage socially. If you’re dealing with chronic loneliness, trying to engage and be social with others can leave you feeling exhausted. Continued feelings of being drained can lead to other issues like sleep problems, a weakened immune system, poor diet, and more.

Can chronic loneliness lead to health problems?

Long-term feelings of loneliness can affect your health in many ways. For example, chronic loneliness can drive up cortisol levels in the body. Cortisol is a hormone that your body creates when under stress.¹ Over time, higher cortisol levels can lead to high blood pressure, excess weight gain, muscle weakness, problems concentrating, and more.²

If left untreated, these chronic loneliness symptoms can put you at greater risk for more serious medical and emotional problems, including²:

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Stroke
• Heart disease

If you're dealing with long-term feelings of loneliness, talk to your doctor or a therapist.

What does chronic loneliness do to your brain?

Research shows that chronic loneliness can have a significant impact on your overall health, including your brain health. Some studies even suggest that loneliness can increase your risk for dementia by 31%.³

Long-term feelings of loneliness and social isolation can also reduce cognitive skills, such as the ability to concentrate, make decisions, problem-solve, and even change negative self-beliefs. 

Who’s most at risk for chronic loneliness?

Chronic loneliness can affect all types of people. It’s easy to assume that someone who’s naturally shy and introverted might be most at risk, but outgoing, Type A, personalities can also suffer from chronic loneliness. This type of loneliness is not exclusive to any one personality type.

For some people chronic loneliness may become a side effect of a medical or emotional problem, including those dealing with the following issues:

• Substance use
• Depression and bipolar disorder
• Serious illness or disease
• Some mild forms of autism, such as Asperger's Syndrome
• Dementia and Alzheimer's
• Sexual orientation issues

All of these issues could also lead to long-term feelings of loneliness and isolation. Make sure your doctor, therapist, or other medical provider knows how you’re feeling emotionally.

What are some tips for dealing with chronic loneliness?

If you are dealing with feelings of loneliness that just don't go away, consider these tips:

• Talk to your doctor, a therapist, or another health care professional. Chronic loneliness isn’t just about feeling isolated from others. It is often connected to ongoing and deeply rooted negative beliefs about yourself. These feelings can eventually lead to other medical and emotional problems. Let someone know what’s going on.
• Engage with other people in a positive, healthy way. Even though it may be difficult, try making the effort to connect with others. Volunteering, hobby clubs, workout groups, and other opportunities, can help boost self-esteem and provide a safe and satisfying way to connect with others.
• Get some exercise. Getting active can help elevate endorphins.⁴ This “brain hormone” can boost mood, help improve sleep, and make people feel happier.
• Find a support group. This is especially helpful if chronic loneliness is a side effect of some other issue you might be dealing with, such as substance use, loss of a loved one, loneliness from a divorce or break up, or a chronic and isolating illness. Receiving support and encouragement from others who may share similar feelings, could help ease symptoms of chronic loneliness.

What should you do if you think you have chronic loneliness?

If you are dealing with long-term loneliness, the kind that doesn’t go away, talk to your doctor or another health care provider so they can help. Chronic loneliness is not just about feeling alone; if left unchecked it can put you at risk for serious physical and emotional issues.